Window.



G. H. 'FQRSYTH.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2, 1909.

1,086,821 Patented Feb. 3; 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

G. H. FORSYTH.

WINDOW. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2, 1909.

5 Patented Feb. 3, 1914.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

kw, I

UNITED STATES PATENT- onrrou.

GEORGE E. FQBSYTH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO FOBSYTH BROTHERS.

' COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS; R'CORPOB-ATION CF ILLINOIS.

WIND OW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

, Patented Feb. .3, 1914.

Application filed August 2, 1909. Serial No, 510,869.

ject' of this invention, the leadingaims and .objects being, first, insashes having spr1ng-' pressed shoes cooperating with guides and havingco-acting V-shaped or inclined surfaces,'to provide effective and simplemeans to limit the, transverse movement of the sash and shoes, it beingobvious that in someconstructions of this kind, if sufiicient pressureis brought against the window and its sash, the shoes, owing to thecooperating inclined surfaces, may be pressed in sufficient] to free thewindow from its guides; secon the provision of new and useful forms andstyles of spring, sheet-metal glazing strips; third, the employment ofsimple and economical means for finishing the corner portions of thewindow-sashes; and, fourth, the

mounting of the locks on the sliding shoes rather than on the sashesthemselves. These, with other features of novelty and improvement, willbe made clear to those skilled in this art from a consideration of thefollowing detailed description, which should be taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, andthrong out the various views of i I which like reference charactersrefer to the same parts.

In these drawin tary face view 0 a window composed of two sashes, suchwindow being especially suitable for use in railway or street cars,though not necessarily restricted to such em-' ployment; Fig. 2 is avertical section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionthrough one of the window-sashes and one of the sash-guides; Fig. 4 is asimilar View illustrating a modified construction and showing theapplication of the lock to the springpressed shoe mounted on the sash;Fig. 5 is a similar view showing a modified construction in the shoe,sash and glazing strip Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 6--6 ofFig. 1; Figs. 7, 8. B and 10 illustrate a variety of embodiments of thisinvention, all

, Figure 1 is a fragmens of such views indicating horizontal sections;

Fig. 11 illustrates a section through a corner portion of one of thewindow-sashes; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a portion of theconstruction shown in Fig. 11; and Fig. 13 is a partial plan view andpartial section of the elements shown in Fi 11.

Referring to the drawings, it wifi be apparent that I have indicated twowindowsashes 20 and 21,.supplied with sheet-metal sashes 22 and 23,panes of glass 24 and 25,

,and suitable glazing strips described. hereinafter.

Referring to Fig. 3, it will be obvious that the side window-casing orupright post has fixed thereto by screws 26, 26, a bent sheetmetal plate27 formed to provide a recess 28 for the guidance of a blind, curtain orshutter, and a pair of V-shaped sash-guides 29 and 30, the metal at theapexes of the We referably being bent inwardly to su ply ongitudinalgrooves or recesses 31. T e window-sash characterized 22 is of-hollowsheet-metal, box-like construction having a flat outer face and anundercut head or rib 32 on its inner face, which is provided for theattachment of the glazing strip described hereinafter.- Fitted over theside members of the sash and capable of telescoping therewith, I providea sheet-metal guiding-shoe 33 having a longitudinal recess 34.- on itsouter face adapted to conform to and receive the correwondingly shapedguiding-ribs 30 of the metal strip 27. Along the center of each of suchrecesses is an outwardly-extended rib 35 adapted to fit in and slightlynarrower than the longitudinal grooves or sockets 31. In order to presssuch shoes outwardly into firm engagement with their guides, whereby toexclude the dirt and the outer air, I set in apertures of the sash 22any suitable number of sheet-metal pockets or sockets 36, and place inthe same coiled expansion springs 37, which at their outer ends contactwith and bear against the inner face of the guiding shoe.

Under normal conditions, the ll-shaped or inclined surfaces'of thespring-pressed shoe and guide bear against one another andre tamthewmdow-sash securely 1n place. If, however, any great transversepressure is exer-ted on the window-sash from either-side,

owing to the wedge action between the shoe and guide, there is aconsiderable tendency to push the shoe inwardly against or in oppositionto the action of its outwardly-pressing spring so as to free the shoefrom the guide and detach the window-sash from the casing. This isprevented, however, by the tongue or rib 35 engaging one or the other ofthe sides of the groove or trough 31 upon a slight transverse movementof the shoe, such engagement creating sutlicient friction between theparts to prevent the inward movement of the shoe relative to the shaftby the wedge action referred to above. 'Under ordinarycircumstances, therib 35 does not and is not intended to contact with either side of thelongitudinal groove 31, but is intended and adapted to strike one or theother of such surfaces upon attempted transverse displacement of thewindow-sash, and

under such circumstances these parts act as a stop to limit suchmovement of the window. Each window-sash around its entire inner surfaceis supplied with a rib or bead 32, and over the same I snap sheet-metalglazing-strip sections 38 (Fig. 6), between the inwardly-extendedportions 39 of which is adapted to be received the rubber, felt or otherstrips 40 fitted over the edges of the glass. The glazing strips38 areso formed as to engage around-the shoulders or neck of the bead 32, butbetween such shoulders the glazing strip is bowed inwardly at 41 awayfrom the bead 32 to give more spring to the strip and to facilitate itsapplication to the bead, such bowed part of the strip also acting as acushion for the rubber strips 40, or the glass proper when the latterare not employed, direct contact between these parts being maintained,as is clearly shown in Fig. 6. These glazing strips whensnapped upon orfitted over their supporting undercut beads do not-reach the corners ofthe sash, as is clearly indicated at 42 in Fig. l, where my improvedcorner pieces are omitted. Each corner of the sash is provided with twocorner plates 43, one on each side of the sash, such plates overlappingthe ends of the glazing strips, and being fastened together by a screw44 which engages the internal threads of a socket 45 fastened in anysuitable manner to the inner surface of the companion plate 43 on theother side of the window, such socket or sleeve being out of contactwith the bead 32, the glazing strips and the pane of glass proper, whichis cut off diagonally at its corners for thispurpose, as at 46, Fig. 1.By this means I am able to neatly finish the corners of the window-sashby lates of the general style and shape shown in Figs. 1 and 6, whichplates overlie the end portions of the glazing strips and whose securingmeans in no way conflict .or interfere with the other parts of theconstruction.

The top and bottom members of the lower window-sash are, of course, notprovided with the spring-pressed sliding shoes, but

have the general box-like construction shown in Fig. 2, and are equippedon their inner surfaces with the beads for holding in place the glazingstrips. The bottom member of the sash is of beveled or inclinedformation at 47 so as to fit the window ledge, as is customary and usualin constructions of this character. The sash of the upper windowsectionis clearly indicated in Fig. 2, and does not require furtherdescription.

In Fig. 4, I have indicated a horizontal section through a singlewindow-sash, and have shown several changes over the constructiondescribed above. In this instance, the sheet-metal sash 48 is made of asingle strip of metal bent to shape, the two ends thereof 49 and 50'being overlapped and riveted, or otherwise secured together, on theouter face of the sash. The inner face of the sash is formed so as tohave an undercut groove 51 intended to receive and hold in place theglazing strip, also made of sheet-metal. This strip, characterized as awhole 52, has the two inwardly-extended double portions 53 adapted toengage the opposite sides of the glass 54, the glazing strip betweensuch parts having two inwardly-projected loops or bows 55 and 56 and anintermediate spring section or bow 57 adapted to engage the edge of theglass and act as a cushion therefor. The edges of such glazing strip arebent at 58 and 59 to hook or spring into the undercut groove 51, beingshaped to conform to the parts of the sash overhanging such groove.Owing to this snug engagement of these ends, which may be readilypressed toward one another for their insertion in the saslrgroove, Iprovide an effective means for excluding dirt, moisture and the outerair. The sliding shoe 60 telescoping with the sash member 48 issubstantially like that of Fig. 3, and'needs no detailed descriptionhere, it being sufiicient to state that the shoe is pressed outwardly bya coiled spring 61 inserted between the inner surface of the same andthe adjacent outer surface of the sash. To this shoe I secure, by meansof screws, rivets or the like, 62, a casing 63 containing a slidinglock-bolt (34, which is adapted to be projected intoone or more recessesor cavities 65 provided in the sheet-metal plate 66 securedto theupright post of the window-casing and shaped to form a suitable guidefor the sash shoe, as in the previous instance. By mounting this lockingbolt on the shoe rather than on the sash, as has been customary, thelock is maintained at all times in the same and proper relation with themetallic strip 66 with which it cooperates, so that an effective lookingor socuring of the window at the proper height can be attained at alltimes.

In Fig. 5, a somewhat different construction isshown, the hollowsheet-metal sash member 67 having its ends overlapped at 68, as in theprevious instance, the sheet metal of the sash being so formed or bentback upon itself to provide two longitudinal channels 69, 69, which areintended to accommodate the longitudinal ribs 7 0 of the spring-pressedshoe 71, the outer face of which is much like those of Figs. .1 and 3,while the end portions 72 of the strip constituting the same are bentback so as to overlap the outer faces of the sash member 67. In order topress this shoe outwardly, I interpose between its inner surface and theglazing-strip head 73 of the sash, a coiled expansion spring 7 4, thefunction of which is obvious. In this instance the bolt 75 and itscasing 76 are riveted or otherwise fastened to one of the end parts 72of the sheet-metal strip of which the shoe is formed up. In order toprotect this shoe from the elements and to assist also as "a stop memberpreventing outward displacement of the window-sash, the metal sheet 77fastened to the window casing and bent to form the sash-guide is alsoshaped to supply the abrupt shoulder 78 overlapping partially the outerface of the shoe.

Still another embodiment of this invention isindicated in Fig. 7, and inthis case the window-sash 79 is made of sheet-metal and. is ofsubstantially u form', having, as

in the, previous instance, an inner head or rib 80 for the attachment ofthe glazing strip, which in this view is omitted. In this particularconstruction, the guiding shoe is pressed outwardl such sash, a's-.isclearly indicated, and being formed of a single stri of metal bent as isillustrated to. form a triangular shapedhollow body 82, one end portion83.'of the metal being bent directly outwardly parallel to the plane ofthe sash and forming a fiat surface with which one of the legs of theu-shaped sash cooperates, the other end having shdin'g engagement withone side ofthe triangular shoe body 82. The sheet of metal 84 isattached in any approved manner to the window-casing, and is so bent asto provide a guiding groove 85 containing a rib 86, one wall 87 of whichis inclined to the plane of the window-sash, while the other wall 88 issubstantially parallel to said plane. As is shown, the inclined andstraight surfaces of the springpressed sliding shoe cooperate with thecorresponding surfaces of this rib. Upon attempted outward transverseshifting of the sash, the same is brought into engagement by ,a bowspring 81. housed in the sas the shoe fitting within rib, it may bereplaced by a correspondingly-shaped groove, and in Fig. 8, I have shownsuch a construction, in which the plate 89 is bent to provide such agroove or cavity 90 having at its bottom a depression or supplementalgroove 91 with straight sides. In this particular instance, the sash andspring shoe each partially overlaps the other, .the sash 92 being ofgeneral U-shape and having the usual head 93, and in addition the endsof the legs of this sash are bent inwardly at 9% to form a neat finishand strengthen this portion of the construction. The shoe, which ispressed outwardly by-the leaf spring 95, is of hollow shape and hasinclined flaring surfaces 96 and 97 cooperating with the correspondingsides of the guiding groove 90, and along its outer edge the shoe has arectangular rib 98 fitted in the supplemental groove91, but of somewhatless thickness, so that its sides do not normally contact with the wallsof this groove, but are permitted to contact therewith and, form a stopwhen the shoe is shifted transversely. One part of the sheetmetal blankfrom which this shoe is formed, characterized 99, is disposed outsideof. the

sash member 92, and has secured thereto a lock-casing-100 and alock-bolt 101, the function and purpose of which will be understood byall those skilled in this art.

In another construction, illustrated in detail in Fig. 9, the plate. Siis formed substantially as in the construction of Fig. '7, providing aguiding groove 85 having therein a guiding rib 86 with inclined andstraight surfaces 87 and 88, respectively.

The sheet-metal sash-member 102 is much of the same form as that of Fig.7, and has witliinit a bow spring 103 pressing outwardly a guiding shoe10 having a triangular hollow body and an extension 105 of U-shape,andreceiving in its groove one leg of vthe sash 102, thereby assistingin the proper guiding of the shoe in its reciprocations. The U-shapedextension 105 fits in the rectangular portion of the gro n-e 85 andis'adapted to be brought into contact with either side of the same uponattempted lateral displacement of the sash, as has been described inconnection with the other consti'uctions. The Jundercnt. or headed bead106 of tliis sash has a face adjacent to the glass of V-shape, theglazing strip of spring sheet-metal 107 being adapted to be sprung oversuch head, as in the previous instance, but the glazing strip beinginwardly bowed at 108 on a curve does not follow the contour of the faceof the bead, thereby allowing considerable give or spring for the readyapplication of' the strip to the bead.

conform substantially to the spring-pressed shoe 112 of general U-shape,which overlaps the sash member and has an inclined wall 113 co-actingwith the correspondinglyshaped portion 114 in the guiding groove 115 ofthe windowrgasing, the opposite wall 116 of such. groove beingsubstantially parallel to the window-sash. A plunger 117 is riveted orotherwise secured to the inner face of the shoe and projects throughalined holes in the sheet metal forming the sash 109 and a filler block118 fitted inside of said sash.- This plunger, as will be readilyunderstood, assists in the proper guiding of the shoe, which is pressedoutwardly into engagement with the guiding surfaces by a coiledexpansion spring 119 encircling such plunger. To one leg of this shoe,the lockbolt 120 is secured for the well-known purpose of holding thewindow in adjusted position. The shoe described is slightly narrowerthan the guiding groove in which it adapted to be sprung over the same,as has.

been fully described above. This glazing strip, however, has a ll-shapedpart 125 disposed inwardly away from the bead I23 and bearing againstthe rubber or felt strip 126. By this construction, the part 125 acts asa cushion for the glass and its strip, and 'gives the glazing stripadded resiliency for application to its retaining bead.

In Figs. 11, 12 and 13, the construction of a window-sash of this kindis indicated, especially at one of the cross sash portions of thewindow. The vertical sash section 127 has on its inner face the glazingstrip or head 128, while the horizontal sash section 129 is providedwith a similar strip 130. The guiding shoe 131, of any suitable construction, fits over and telescopes with the sash section 127 and theend portion of the horizontal sash-section 129, and is springpressedoutwardly by a coiled expansion spring 132 fixed to the top end of theshoe,

such spring hearing at one end against the end of the casing and at theother end against a shaft or rod 134: which projects into the casingthrough a hole in its end.

The free end of such rod isheld in any suitable manner at 135 to thehorizontal 6Q sash-section. By the employment of a conaeeaaai structionof this kind a simple and efiective means is provided for yieldinglyforcing outwardly the guiding shoe, an efiective and secureconnection-of the same with the sashbeing maintained by means of thecasing or housing 133. In this particular instance, the outer end of theshaft 134 is held in place by a screw 135 passed through the sash, suchscrew passing inwardly of the casing through an elongated slot 136"therein.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 13 is similar to that of Figs. 11and 12, with the addition that the shoe has the central stop rib 137,the object and purpose of which" has been clearly indicated above.

Although I have set-forth with some considerable degree of particularitya number of embodiments of this invention, 1 wish to have it understood,however, that the invention is not limited to these particularstructures, since it is capable of many other embodiments not hereinmentioned, all of which will fall within the scope of the ap pendedclaims.

I claim:

' 1. In a window sash construction, the combination with a frame, of asash and shoe, anda uide therefor, said guide having a protuisrantshoe-engaging surface and a 'rentrant portion providing a shoeengaginggroove, substantially as described.

2. In a window sash construction, the combination with a sash and shoe,of a guide, the shoe and guide having coacting convex and concavell-shaped surfaces provided in their apioes with an interengagingloosely fitting tongue groove having parallel walls,the convex andconcave surfaces acting to position the guide and shoe and the tongueand groove to permit of such p0 sitioning within predeterminedlimits,substantially as described.

3. 1n a'window construction,the combination with a sash and a shoe, of aguide,

the shoe having a concave ll-shaped surface with a medial tongueprojecting from its apex, and the guide having a convex V- shapedsurface with a medial groove extending inwardly from its apex, thell-shaped surfaces of the guide and groove adapted to cooperate inpositioning the sash transversely, and the tongue fitting loosely withinthe groove to permit of such transverse positioning but within thelimitsof such looseness of fit, substantially as described. GEORGE H. FORSYTH.Witnesses:

.WALTER M. FULLER,

M. A. Kinnm.

